بررسی اثر تناوبهای مختلف در افزایش تولید سیستم های زراعی و توجیه اقتصادی آن

This experiment was carried out in order to access a suitable crop rotation for wheat in rain-fed areas and also production enhancement, in agronomic systems, conservating soil fertility, improvement of physico-chemical characteristics of soil and finally promoting farmer s income. The experiment included 7 treatments and 4 replicates based on Completely Randomized Block Design which was conducted in two different phases for 5 crop years starting from 1999-2000. In the first year and first phase, in an area that was under wheat cultivation in last year, the following treatments were cultivated in rain-fed station: wheat, fallow, chickpea, safflower, straw, lentil and sunflower. In the second phase, uniform cultivation of rain-fed wheat was conducted for doing the aforementioned treatments and continued until the last year of experiment. So that locations of rotated crops were substituted for uniform rain-fed wheat cultivation every other year. Every crop year, agronomic treatments and required information were recorded during developing period. Eventually, while harvesting the products soil samples were drawn from treatments and their physico-chemical characteristics in addition to recording yield of grain and straw. The results of combined variance analysis based on data derived from 4 years of experiment showed that there is a significant difference eat %1 level of confidence between treatments and years of experiment. Meantime, Maximum yield of grain was obtained from treatment chickpea- wheat by 1.275 tons per hectare that was classified in class A. Grain yield of this treatment along with the means of the treatments fallow-wheat and safflower-wheat were classified in the same statistical group. But the treatments chickpea-wheat, safflower-wheat and wheat wheat were recognized as the best treatments from the profitability point of view. Therefore, according to the soil decomposition, grain yield and economic analysis of the treatments, it is recommended that farmers would rather avoid from fallowing the land and had better apply the rotations chickpea-wheat, safflower-wheat even if wheat-wheat in their rain fed lands and also other climatically similar regions for soil conservation, sustainable agriculture and income promotion.

کلیدواژه ها:

سیستم های زراعی ، خصوصیات فیزیکی ، خصوصیات شیمیایی ، خاک ، گندم ، دیم ، نخود ، تناوب زراعی ، گلرنگ ، آفتابگردان ، مالچ