Comparative analysis of content and structural changes in Sphere project in common standards

Introduction: The Sphere project, which is the operational framework of humanitarian organizations for relief activities in the rapid response phase of the crisis, is based on the humanitarian charter and sets the minimum necessary standards in disaster relief process. These standards were published in the Sphere Handbook in ۲۰۰۰ and revised in ۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۱۱. The aim of this study was to analyze the content and structural changes of the Sphere project of ۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۱۱ editions and compare them in the section of common standards. Methods: This review study is done in ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۱۳. The result was a search of ۳۷۰ articles and scientific texts that were done in two months.  According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, ۱۰ articles were obtained as the most relevant articles and scientific texts. In addition, a number of other articles were extracted by reviewing the reference articles in accordance with the objectives of the study. Findings: The inclusion of the principles of protection and security of disaster survivors, the need to promote humanitarian actions and activities and change the provisions of the law in recent years have been the main reasons for the review. Some titles did not appear in the new edition or were mentioned briefly such as justice, disaster prevention, environmental health issues and urban warfare. Changing the name of "Common Standards Minimum" to "Individuals and Processes Standards" and the structural and content change from ۸ common standards to ۶ central standards is one of the most important of these issues. Conclusion: According to the obtained findings, the purpose of the new edition of the Sphere project is not to change the quality standards or to fundamentally change the Sphere manual, but to update the qualitative and quantitative indicators and essential guidelines. In the new edition, the overall structure and integrity of the text has been improved. The chapter on minimum core standards for all sections is structured in the form of core standards. In the process of responding to the crisis, in addition to providing the minimum basic needs of the affected population in accordance with the humanitarian charter, special attention has been paid to creating and maintaining security as an important parameter in the relief process.

کلیدواژه ها:

sphere project ، minimum standard ، disasters ، پروژه اسفیر ، حداقل استاندارد ، بحران