Prognostic Factors and Survival Outcomes by Disease Subtypes in a Cohort of Iranian Patients with acute leukemia

Introduction: Studying the survival factors of leukemia patients can lead to a reduction in healthcare costs. This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and potential predictive factors in leukemia patients in northeast Iran.Methods: Baseline demographic and clinical data of patients referred to Ghaem Hospital between ۲۰۱۴ and ۲۰۱۹ were extracted from their medical records. The survival rates were determined by gathering information from phone calls or archived files.Results: This cohort study consisted of ۳۰۲ patients with a mean age of ۴۱.۰۹±۱۹.۰۹ years. Among them, ۱۲۷ (۴۳.۳%) had acute lymphoid leukemia, while ۱۶۶ (۵۶.۷%) had myeloid leukemia. The mean overall survival time for all patients was ۵۰.۸۱ months. However, the mean overall survival time for patients with lymphoid leukemia (۶۱.۷ months) was significantly higher (P<۰.۰۰۱) than that for patients with myeloid leukemia (۴۱.۱ months). Moreover, lymphoid patients had significantly higher one-month and one-year survival rates (۹۳% and ۷۲.۸%) than the myeloid group (۸۱% and ۵۳.۷%) (P=۰.۰۰۲ and P=۰.۰۰۱). However, significant difference did not exist in the five-year survival rate between the lymphoid and myeloid groups (۲۶.۲% vs ۱۸.۲%, P=۰.۱۷۴). Cox regression analysis indicated that patient survival was correlated with the type of leukemia (۱.۴۵, ۹۵%CI=۱.۱۰-۸.۹۲, P=۰.۰۱۱), age, hemoglobin levels, as well as WBC, RBC, neutrophil, and platelet count.Conclusion:Our findings indicated that patients with lymphoid leukemia exhibited a higher survival rate than those with myeloid leukemia. Survival outcomes were dependent on patient’s age, leukemia type, and levels of WBC, RBC, neutrophil, platelet, and hemoglobin levels.

کلیدواژه ها:

Acute leukemia ، Survival ، Lymphoid ، Myeloid