Chemical Variation in the Essential Oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. in Response to Organic and Biological Fertilizers

In order to study the effect of application of organic and biological fertilizers on leaf dry weight (LDW), essential oils content (EO), and composition of Salvia leriifolia Benth., a factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications and ۱۰ treatments. The experiment was performed at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Mashhad- Iran, during two growing seasons (۲۰۱۴-۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۱۵-۲۰۱۶). The treatments consisted of five levels of organic fertilizers [control (C۰), compost ۱۰ ton/ha (C۱۰) compost ۲۰ ton/ ha(C۲۰), vermicompost three ton/ ha(V۳) and vermicompost six ton/ ha(V۶)] and Pseudomonas putida biofertilizer in two levels [Inoculation (S۱) and without inoculation (S۰)]. The results indicated that the highest LDW (۱۴۷۰ kg/ha) in the second year was obtained in C۲۰S۱, which increased by ۴۷%, compared to C۰S۰, respectively. The EO in both growing seasons was not affected by the treatments. However, the application of ۲۰ ton/ haof compost caused the EO yield was significantly higher than other treatments, except V۶. A significant increase in LDW caused the highest EO yield of ۵.۰ and ۵.۹ kg/hawas obtained in C۲۰S۰ treatment in first and second growing seasons, respectively, which increased by ۶۰% compared to the control (C۰S۰). The results showed that out of ۹۹.۹% of EO compounds, ۹۵.۶% including ۳۳ identified compounds and only ۴.۲% contained other compounds. The valuable compounds of β-pinene (۲۶.۳%), ۱,۸-cineole (۱۴.۸%), α-pinene (۱۳.۸%) and Borneol (۴.۸%) have the highest percentage of EO compounds in the studied treatments. Organic fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on the four main compounds of S. leriifolia EO but increased Guaiol, Epi-α-eudesmol and δ-cadinol compared with control. The highest percent of Guaiol (۲.۳) and epi-α- eudesmol (۳.۲) were obtained in V۶S۱, respectively, which increased by ۶۸% and ۱۷۸% compared with control. Also, bacterial inoculation showed a significant difference with non-inoculation in Guaiol and epi-α- eudesmol using V۶S۱ treatment. Despite the increase in the percentage of these compounds, some of the EO compounds significantly decreased with the application of vermicompost treatments. Accordingly, Sabinene, epi-α-bisabolol compounds in V۶S۰ were decreased by ۱۱۶% and ۵۲%, respectively, and Terpine-۴-ol and cis-sabinol compounds in V۳S۰ decreased by ۲۱% and ۱۹%, respectively, compared with control. Finally, the application of organic fertilizers had different effects on the S. leriifolia EO components, but the percent and amounts of all four main components were not affected by treatments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Salvia leriifolia ، Compost ، Vermicompost ، Pseudomonas putida ، Essential oil components